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Back to JN0-649 Exam

This study plan is designed to guide you through the preparation for the JN0-649 Enterprise Routing and Switching – Professional (JNCIP-ENT) certification. It provides a structured, 12-week roadmap that ensures comprehensive coverage of key topics, including IGPs, BGP, IP Multicast, Ethernet Switching, CoS, and EVPN.

The plan combines focused study sessions, hands-on labs, and spaced repetition techniques to build both theoretical knowledge and practical expertise. Mock exams and troubleshooting exercises are included to simulate real-world scenarios and the exam environment.

By following this plan, you will gain the confidence and skills needed to excel in the JN0-649 exam and advance your networking career.

Week 1: Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs)

Day 1: OSPF Basics

  1. Goal:

    • Understand OSPF area hierarchy, LSAs, and neighbor relationships.

  2. Tasks:

    • Learn OSPF Area Structure:
      • Read about the purpose of OSPF Area 0 (backbone area) and its role in connecting other areas.
      • Study area types: Normal areas, Stub areas, Totally Stubby areas, and NSSA (Not-So-Stubby Areas).
    • Study LSAs:
      • Learn the role of Link-State Advertisements (LSAs) and their types:
        • Type 1 (Router LSA): Advertises directly connected links.
        • Type 2 (Network LSA): Advertised by the Designated Router (DR).
        • Type 3 (Summary LSA): Sent between areas by an ABR (Area Border Router).
    • Neighbor States:
      • Understand the OSPF neighbor states: Down, Init, 2-Way, ExStart, Exchange, Loading, and Full.
      • Use visualizations or diagrams to see how neighbors progress to Full state.
    • Lab:
      • Configure a single-area OSPF network with three routers.
      • Verify adjacencies using show ospf neighbor.
      • Examine LSAs with show ospf database.
    • Reflection:
      • Summarize your understanding of area types, LSAs, and neighbor relationships in a notebook.
      • List any unclear points for follow-up review.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection and review: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 2: OSPF Advanced Features

  1. Goal:

    • Understand advanced OSPF configurations and optimizations for larger networks.

  2. Tasks:

    • Stub and NSSA Areas:
      • Learn how Stub areas block Type 5 LSAs to reduce routing overhead.
      • Study Totally Stubby areas and NSSA configurations for special use cases.
    • Route Summarization:
      • Learn how to summarize routes at an ABR to reduce the size of the routing table.
      • Understand how external route summarization differs from inter-area summarization.
    • Lab:
      • Configure a multi-area OSPF network:
        • Create one backbone area (Area 0) and one Stub area (Area 1).
        • Implement inter-area summarization at the ABR.
      • Verify route summarization using show route.
    • Test Configurations:
      • Modify the Stub area to a Totally Stubby area and observe the impact on the routing table.
      • Use show ospf database to examine LSA propagation changes.
    • Reflection:
      • Document the differences between Stub, Totally Stubby, and NSSA areas.
      • Note how route summarization affects network efficiency.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection and review: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 3: IS-IS Basics

  1. Goal:

    • Gain foundational knowledge of IS-IS and configure a basic IS-IS network.

  2. Tasks:

    • Learn IS-IS Concepts:
      • Study the architecture of IS-IS, focusing on Level 1 (intra-area) and Level 2 (inter-area) operations.
      • Understand IS-IS adjacency formation and how it uses Hello packets for neighbor discovery.
    • NSAP Addressing:
      • Learn the structure of NSAP addresses, including the Area Address, System ID, and NSEL fields.
      • Study examples of NSAP configurations and their significance in routing.
    • Lab:
      • Configure a basic IS-IS network with three routers, creating a Level 1/Level 2 hierarchy.
      • Test IS-IS adjacencies using show isis adjacency.
      • Experiment with IS-IS metrics to influence route selection.
    • Test Configurations:
      • Simulate a link failure and observe IS-IS convergence.
      • Modify the System ID of one router and analyze its effect on routing.
    • Reflection:
      • Write down key points about IS-IS architecture and address structure.
      • Note any difficulties encountered in the lab and possible solutions.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection and review: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 4: Review and Practice

  1. Goal:

    • Reinforce understanding of OSPF and IS-IS through review and practice.

  2. Tasks:

    • Review Notes:
      • Go through notes on OSPF area types, LSAs, and IS-IS operations.
      • Use flashcards to test memory of terms like LSAs, adjacency states, and NSAP structure.
    • Practice Questions:
      • Solve practice questions covering OSPF and IS-IS concepts.
    • Lab:
      • Combine OSPF and IS-IS in a single network.
      • Ensure OSPF areas and IS-IS levels coexist without conflicts.
      • Test connectivity and routing behavior across protocols.
    • Reflection:
      • Summarize lessons learned during the lab.
      • Identify weak areas for further review.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Review: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection and testing: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 5: Hands-On Lab

  1. Goal:

    • Build confidence by designing and implementing a complex network with OSPF and IS-IS.

  2. Tasks:

    • Design:
      • Create a network diagram with at least two OSPF areas and a Level 1/Level 2 IS-IS network.
    • Configure:
      • Implement the network as designed.
      • Introduce redundancy and simulate failover scenarios.
    • Troubleshoot:
      • Introduce configuration errors (e.g., mismatched area IDs or metrics) and practice troubleshooting them.
    • Analyze:
      • Use show ospf and show isis commands to verify proper operation.
      • Document the results and create a troubleshooting checklist for future reference.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Lab: 5 Pomodoros.

Day 6: Spaced Repetition and Testing

  1. Goal:

    • Strengthen retention through targeted review and testing.

  2. Tasks:

    • Review:
      • Revisit Day 1 and Day 2 materials, focusing on OSPF basics and advanced features.
      • Use flashcards to reinforce key concepts from IS-IS.
    • Test:
      • Complete a quiz or mock test on OSPF and IS-IS concepts.
      • Analyze your answers to identify gaps in understanding.
    • Mini-Lab:
      • Recreate a simplified version of the Week 1 lab to practice key configurations.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Review: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Test: 2 Pomodoros.

Day 7: Rest and Reflection

  1. Goal:

    • Consolidate knowledge and recharge for the next week.

  2. Tasks:

    • Reflect on progress and summarize key takeaways from the week.
    • Watch a light technical video or read an article about real-world applications of OSPF and IS-IS.
    • Plan for Week 2 (BGP), ensuring materials and labs are ready.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Week 2: Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)

Day 1: BGP Basics

  1. Goal:

    • Understand the foundational concepts of BGP, including eBGP and iBGP, and learn basic configurations.

  2. Tasks:

    • Study BGP Fundamentals:

      • Learn the purpose of BGP in inter-domain routing.
      • Study the difference between eBGP (used between autonomous systems) and iBGP (used within a single AS).

    • BGP Attributes:

      • Focus on AS_PATH, NEXT_HOP, and ORIGIN attributes.
      • Understand how BGP uses attributes to determine the best path.

    • Lab:

      • Configure a basic eBGP session between two routers. Use commands like:

        show bgp summary
show route protocol bgp

      • Verify that neighbors are established and routes are exchanged.

    • Reflection:

      • Note how BGP differs from IGPs (e.g., OSPF and IS-IS) in terms of convergence and path selection.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 2: BGP Path Selection and Attributes

  1. Goal:

    • Understand BGP’s path selection process and how attributes influence routing decisions.

  2. Tasks:

    • Learn Path Selection Rules:
      • Study the BGP decision-making process:
        • Local Preference.
        • AS_PATH length.
        • MED (Multi-Exit Discriminator).
        • eBGP over iBGP.
      • Use visual aids to grasp the sequence of path selection steps.
    • Lab:
      • Configure a network with three routers using both eBGP and iBGP sessions.
      • Manipulate Local Preference and MED values to observe changes in path selection.
      • Experiment with AS_PATH prepending to influence routing behavior.
    • Test Configurations:
      • Use show route protocol bgp and show bgp neighbor to verify attribute changes.
    • Reflection:
      • Document how each attribute impacts routing and note any scenarios where multiple attributes conflict.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 3: BGP Advanced Features

  1. Goal:

    • Master BGP features that enhance scalability and efficiency in large networks.

  2. Tasks:

    • Study Route Reflectors:
      • Learn how Route Reflectors simplify iBGP configurations by reducing the need for a full mesh.
    • Understand Confederations:
      • Study how Confederations segment a large AS into sub-ASes to reduce complexity.
    • Lab:
      • Configure a Route Reflector with two clients and verify route reflection behavior.
      • Set up a Confederation with three sub-ASes and ensure proper route exchange between them.
    • Test Configurations:
      • Use debugging commands to ensure that Route Reflectors and Confederations work as expected.
      • Introduce intentional misconfigurations (e.g., missing Route Reflector Client roles) and troubleshoot.
    • Reflection:
      • Summarize the advantages and limitations of Route Reflectors and Confederations.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 4: BGP Troubleshooting

  1. Goal:

    • Develop skills to identify and resolve common BGP issues.

  2. Tasks:

    • Learn Common Issues:

      • Session establishment problems (e.g., TCP port 179 blocked, AS number mismatch).
      • Missing routes due to incorrect filtering or export policies.
      • Path loops caused by AS_PATH misconfigurations.

    • Lab:

      • Simulate troubleshooting scenarios:

        • Configure a BGP session with incorrect AS numbers and fix the issue.
        • Introduce a prefix filter that blocks advertised routes and diagnose the problem.

      • Practice using commands like:

        show bgp neighbor
show bgp summary
show route advertising-protocol bgp

    • Reflection:

      • Create a troubleshooting checklist based on the issues encountered.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 5: Comprehensive BGP Lab

  1. Goal:

    • Apply all BGP concepts in a single, large-scale lab scenario.

  2. Tasks:

    • Design:
      • Create a network diagram with eBGP between multiple ASes and iBGP within each AS.
      • Include Route Reflectors and Confederations to enhance scalability.
    • Implement:
      • Configure the network as designed.
      • Ensure all BGP attributes (Local Preference, AS_PATH, MED) are tested.
    • Troubleshoot:
      • Introduce connectivity and policy issues. Resolve them using commands learned earlier.
    • Analyze:
      • Use show bgp commands to verify the final routing table and path selections.
      • Document lessons learned and areas for improvement.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Lab: 5 Pomodoros.

Day 6: Spaced Repetition and Mock Test

  1. Goal:

    • Reinforce retention through targeted review and practice exams.

  2. Tasks:

    • Review:
      • Revisit Day 1 and Day 2 materials using notes and flashcards.
      • Test your understanding of BGP attributes and path selection rules.
    • Mock Test:
      • Complete a timed BGP quiz or mock exam.
      • Analyze your performance and review incorrect answers.
    • Mini-Lab:
      • Reconfigure parts of the Day 5 lab to reinforce challenging areas.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Review: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Test: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 7: Rest and Reflection

  1. Goal:

    • Consolidate knowledge and prepare for the next week.

  2. Tasks:

    • Reflect on the week’s progress and note down key takeaways.
    • Watch a tutorial or webinar on advanced BGP use cases in real-world networks.
    • Prepare for Week 3 by reviewing IP Multicast study materials and setting up labs.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Week 3: IP Multicast

Day 1: IP Multicast Basics

  1. Goal:

    • Understand the foundational concepts of IP Multicast, including addressing and traffic flow.

  2. Tasks:

    • Study Multicast Basics:

      • Learn the purpose of IP Multicast and how it differs from Unicast and Broadcast.
      • Study Multicast address ranges:
        • IPv4: 224.0.0.0/4 (e.g., 224.0.0.1 for all hosts, 239.0.0.0/8 for administrative scope).
        • IPv6: FF00::/8 (e.g., FF02::1 for all nodes).

    • Learn Group Membership:

      • Understand how hosts join Multicast groups using IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) for IPv4 and MLD (Multicast Listener Discovery) for IPv6.
      • Study IGMP versions (v1, v2, v3) and their differences.

    • Lab:

      • Configure a basic Multicast network with two routers and two hosts.

      • Enable IGMP on interfaces:

        set protocols igmp interface ge-0/0/1

      • Use commands like show igmp group to verify host memberships.

    • Reflection:

      • Note key takeaways about Multicast addressing and group membership mechanisms.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 2: Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM)

  1. Goal:

    • Learn the role of PIM in routing Multicast traffic.

  2. Tasks:

    • Understand PIM Modes:

      • Study PIM Sparse Mode (PIM-SM) for efficient Multicast delivery.
      • Learn about Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) and its use in controlling traffic from specific sources.

    • Rendezvous Point (RP):

      • Study the role of the RP in PIM-SM as a meeting point for Multicast sources and receivers.
      • Understand how to configure a static RP.

    • Lab:

      • Configure PIM-SM in a lab with three routers.

      • Set a static RP:

        set protocols pim rp 192.0.2.1

      • Verify PIM operation using show pim join.

    • Reflection:

      • Summarize the differences between PIM-SM and SSM.
      • Document how Multicast sources and receivers discover each other.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 3: Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF)

  1. Goal:

    • Understand how RPF prevents Multicast loops and ensures proper traffic delivery.

  2. Tasks:

    • Study RPF:

      • Learn how RPF checks ensure Multicast packets arrive on the correct interface (based on the unicast routing table).
      • Study scenarios where RPF failures occur and how to resolve them.

    • Lab:

      • Configure a Multicast network with multiple paths and observe RPF behavior.

      • Use show pim rpf to verify RPF checks.

      • Configure a static mroute to resolve RPF failures:

        set routing-options static route 192.0.2.1/32 next-hop ge-0/0/1
set protocols pim static-rpf-route 192.0.2.1/32

    • Reflection:

      • Write down examples of RPF failures and how static mroute configurations fix them.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 4: Multicast Troubleshooting

  1. Goal:

    • Develop skills to diagnose and resolve common Multicast issues.

  2. Tasks:

    • Learn Common Issues:
      • Missing Multicast group memberships.
      • Incorrect RPF configurations.
      • PIM-SM or RP misconfigurations.
    • Troubleshooting Tools:
      • Use show igmp group to verify host membership.
      • Use show pim join to check active Multicast join requests.
      • Debug RPF issues with show pim rpf.
    • Lab:
      • Simulate common issues:
        • Block IGMP messages and verify group loss.
        • Misconfigure the RP and resolve connectivity problems.
      • Practice troubleshooting commands and document resolutions.
    • Reflection:
      • Create a troubleshooting checklist for Multicast networks.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 5: Comprehensive Multicast Lab

  1. Goal:

    • Apply all learned concepts in a single, large-scale Multicast lab.

  2. Tasks:

    • Design:
      • Create a Multicast network with multiple routers, receivers, and sources.
      • Include PIM-SM with a static RP and configure multiple Multicast groups.
    • Implement:
      • Configure IGMP, PIM-SM, and RPF.
      • Test Multicast group membership and data flow.
    • Troubleshoot:
      • Introduce intentional errors (e.g., incorrect RP or missing PIM configurations) and resolve them.
    • Analyze:
      • Verify proper traffic flow using tools like show pim join, show igmp group, and packet captures.
      • Document findings and best practices.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Lab: 5 Pomodoros.

Day 6: Spaced Repetition and Testing

  1. Goal:

    • Reinforce retention through targeted review and testing.

  2. Tasks:

    • Review:
      • Revisit Day 1 and Day 2 materials using notes and flashcards.
      • Test knowledge of PIM-SM and IGMP.
    • Mock Test:
      • Complete a timed Multicast quiz or practice exam.
      • Analyze performance and review mistakes.
    • Mini-Lab:
      • Recreate key parts of the Day 5 lab to strengthen weak areas.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Review: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Test: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 7: Rest and Reflection

  1. Goal:

    • Consolidate knowledge and prepare for the next week.

  2. Tasks:

    • Reflect on progress and note key takeaways from the week.
    • Watch a light technical video or read an article about real-world Multicast use cases.
    • Plan for Week 4 (Ethernet Switching and Spanning Tree Protocol), ensuring materials and labs are ready.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Week 4: Ethernet Switching and Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)

Day 1: Ethernet Switching Basics

  1. Goal:

    • Understand the core concepts of Ethernet switching, VLANs, and trunking.

  2. Tasks:

    • Learn Ethernet Switching Concepts:

      • Study how switches learn and forward MAC addresses.
      • Understand how a MAC address table operates.

    • Virtual LANs (VLANs):

      • Learn the purpose of VLANs for isolating traffic within a Layer 2 network.
      • Study VLAN tagging and the 802.1Q protocol.

    • Lab:

      • Configure VLANs on a switch:

        set vlans vlan10 vlan-id 10
set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 0 family ethernet-switching vlan members vlan10

      • Test VLAN isolation by placing two devices in different VLANs and ensuring they cannot communicate.

    • Reflection:

      • Note how VLANs improve network segmentation and security.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 2: Trunking and Advanced VLAN Features

  1. Goal:

    • Learn how to extend VLANs across multiple switches using trunking and explore advanced VLAN configurations.

  2. Tasks:

    • Trunking Basics:

      • Study the role of trunk ports in carrying traffic for multiple VLANs.
      • Learn about the 802.1Q VLAN tagging standard.

    • Private VLANs (PVLANs):

      • Understand PVLAN types (Promiscuous, Isolated, and Community).
      • Study their use in isolating traffic within a VLAN.

    • Lab:

      • Configure trunking between two switches:

        set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 0 family ethernet-switching port-mode trunk
set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 0 family ethernet-switching vlan members [vlan10 vlan20]

      • Test communication between VLANs across the trunk link.

      • Configure a private VLAN setup and verify its behavior.

    • Reflection:

      • Document scenarios where trunking and PVLANs are most beneficial.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 3: Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Basics

  1. Goal:

    • Understand the purpose and operation of STP to prevent Layer 2 loops.

  2. Tasks:

    • Learn STP Concepts:

      • Study the STP process of electing a Root Bridge.
      • Understand STP port roles (Root Port, Designated Port, and Blocked Port).

    • STP Operation:

      • Learn how BPDUs (Bridge Protocol Data Units) are exchanged between switches.
      • Study the convergence process and the default timers for STP.

    • Lab:

      • Create a network with three switches forming a loop.

      • Enable STP and verify loop prevention:

        set protocols stp interface ge-0/0/1

      • Use show spanning-tree to observe the Root Bridge and port roles.

    • Reflection:

      • Summarize the STP Root Bridge election process and key port states.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 4: Rapid and Multiple Spanning Tree Protocols

  1. Goal:

    • Understand enhancements to STP, including RSTP and MSTP, for faster convergence and VLAN scalability.

  2. Tasks:

    • Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP):

      • Study how RSTP improves convergence times compared to STP.
      • Learn new port roles: Alternate Port and Backup Port.

    • Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP):

      • Study how MSTP maps multiple VLANs to a single STP instance.
      • Understand how MSTP reduces overhead in large VLAN networks.

    • Lab:

      • Configure RSTP on a switch:

        set protocols rstp interface ge-0/0/1

      • Configure MSTP with two instances for VLAN groups:

        set protocols mstp instance 1 vlan 10
set protocols mstp instance 2 vlan 20

      • Verify port states and spanning tree topology using show spanning-tree.

    • Reflection:

      • Compare STP, RSTP, and MSTP in terms of convergence and scalability.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 5: Spanning Tree Optimizations

  1. Goal:

    • Learn how to optimize and secure STP for enterprise networks.

  2. Tasks:

    • Optimizations:

      • Study PortFast to reduce convergence times for edge devices.
      • Learn about BPDU Guard and Root Guard for preventing STP misconfigurations.

    • Security Features:

      • Understand how BPDU Guard protects against rogue switches.
      • Study Root Guard to enforce the Root Bridge role on specific switches.

    • Lab:

      • Configure PortFast on edge ports:

        set protocols rstp interface ge-0/0/1 edge

      • Enable BPDU Guard and Root Guard:

        set protocols rstp bpdu-block
set protocols rstp root-protection

      • Test the behavior of BPDU Guard and Root Guard by introducing a rogue switch.

    • Reflection:

      • Summarize how STP optimizations improve network performance and security.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 4 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 6: Spaced Repetition and Testing

  1. Goal:

    • Reinforce knowledge of Ethernet Switching and STP through review and testing.

  2. Tasks:

    • Review:
      • Revisit notes on VLANs, trunking, and STP enhancements.
      • Use flashcards to test memory of STP port roles and timers.
    • Mock Test:
      • Complete a timed quiz on Ethernet Switching and STP.
      • Review and analyze incorrect answers.
    • Mini-Lab:
      • Recreate key configurations for VLAN trunking and MSTP.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Review: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Test: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 7: Rest and Reflection

  1. Goal:

    • Consolidate knowledge and prepare for the next week.

  2. Tasks:

    • Reflect on progress and note key takeaways from Ethernet Switching and STP.
    • Watch a video or read an article about real-world applications of VLANs and STP in enterprise networks.
    • Prepare for Week 5 (Layer 2 Authentication and Access Control) by reviewing study materials and setting up labs.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Week 5: Layer 2 Authentication and Access Control

Day 1: 802.1X Basics

  1. Goal:

    • Understand the fundamentals of 802.1X, including its components and purpose.

  2. Tasks:

    • Study 802.1X:

      • Learn the role of 802.1X in securing Layer 2 access.
      • Understand the three key entities:
        • Supplicant: Device requesting access.
        • Authenticator: Switch or access point controlling network access.
        • Authentication Server: Typically a RADIUS server validating credentials.

    • Authentication Process:

      • Study the Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) process used by 802.1X.
      • Learn how EAP messages are exchanged between entities.

    • Lab:

      • Configure a switch for 802.1X:

        set protocols dot1x authenticator
set protocols dot1x authenticator interface ge-0/0/1

      • Simulate a client attempting to connect and observe authentication requests using:

        show dot1x interface

    • Reflection:

      • Note the purpose of each 802.1X component and document the EAP process.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 2: Configuring 802.1X with RADIUS

  1. Goal:

    • Learn how to integrate 802.1X with a RADIUS server for centralized authentication.

  2. Tasks:

    • Understand RADIUS Integration:

      • Study the role of RADIUS in validating 802.1X credentials.
      • Learn how the switch forwards EAP messages to the RADIUS server.

    • RADIUS Server Configuration:

      • Review basic RADIUS server settings, such as IP address and shared secret.

    • Lab:

      • Configure a RADIUS server and integrate it with 802.1X:

        set access radius-server 192.0.2.10 secret myradiuskey
set protocols dot1x authenticator radius-server 192.0.2.10

      • Simulate a client authenticating through RADIUS and verify logs on both the switch and RADIUS server.

    • Reflection:

      • Document how RADIUS integration enhances network security and centralizes authentication.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 3: MAC Authentication

  1. Goal:

    • Learn how MAC Authentication can be used as an alternative or complement to 802.1X for non-802.1X-capable devices.

  2. Tasks:

    • Understand MAC Authentication:

      • Learn how MAC addresses are used as credentials for authentication.
      • Study the limitations of MAC Authentication, such as vulnerability to spoofing.

    • Lab:

      • Configure MAC Authentication on a switch:

        set protocols dot1x mac-radius
set access radius-server 192.0.2.10 secret myradiuskey

      • Test authentication with a device using its MAC address as the identifier.

    • Test Configurations:

      • Combine 802.1X and MAC Authentication on the same interface to support diverse device types.

    • Reflection:

      • Compare 802.1X and MAC Authentication in terms of security and use cases.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 4: Guest VLANs and Multi-Authentication

  1. Goal:

    • Understand how Guest VLANs and multi-authentication methods provide flexible access control.

  2. Tasks:

    • Guest VLANs:

      • Study how Guest VLANs provide limited access for unauthenticated devices.
      • Learn use cases such as providing internet-only access for visitors.

    • Multi-Authentication:

      • Understand how switches support multiple authentication methods simultaneously (e.g., 802.1X + MAC Authentication).

    • Lab:

      • Configure a Guest VLAN:

        set protocols dot1x authenticator guest-vlan guest
set vlans guest vlan-id 100
set interfaces ge-0/0/1 family ethernet-switching vlan members guest

      • Test access for both authenticated and unauthenticated devices.

    • Reflection:

      • Note scenarios where Guest VLANs are essential and document how multi-authentication enhances flexibility.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 5: Troubleshooting Layer 2 Authentication

  1. Goal:

    • Develop skills to identify and resolve common 802.1X and MAC Authentication issues.

  2. Tasks:

    • Common Issues:

      • Learn troubleshooting methods for:
        • RADIUS server connectivity problems.
        • Supplicant configuration errors.
        • Misconfigured Guest VLANs or MAC Authentication.

    • Troubleshooting Tools:

      • Use commands like:

        show dot1x interface
show log messages | match radius

      • Debug RADIUS communication and authentication requests.

    • Lab:

      • Simulate authentication failures by introducing errors:
        • Use an incorrect shared secret on the RADIUS server.
        • Disable 802.1X on the supplicant.
      • Resolve each issue and verify successful authentication.

    • Reflection:

      • Document troubleshooting strategies and create a checklist for common Layer 2 authentication problems.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 4 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 6: Spaced Repetition and Mock Test

  1. Goal:

    • Reinforce understanding through targeted review and testing.

  2. Tasks:

    • Review:
      • Revisit notes on 802.1X, MAC Authentication, and Guest VLANs.
      • Use flashcards to test knowledge of authentication components and configurations.
    • Mock Test:
      • Complete a quiz on Layer 2 Authentication scenarios.
      • Analyze incorrect answers and identify areas for further review.
    • Mini-Lab:
      • Reconfigure a basic 802.1X and MAC Authentication setup to reinforce key concepts.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Review: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Test: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 7: Rest and Reflection

  1. Goal:

    • Consolidate knowledge and prepare for the next week.

  2. Tasks:

    • Reflect on progress and note key takeaways from the week.
    • Watch a video or read an article about real-world applications of 802.1X in enterprise networks.
    • Prepare for Week 6 (IP Telephony Features) by reviewing study materials and setting up labs.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Week 6: IP Telephony Features

Day 1: Voice VLAN Basics

  1. Goal:

    • Understand the purpose of Voice VLANs and how they optimize VoIP traffic.

  2. Tasks:

    • Study Voice VLANs:

      • Learn why Voice VLANs are used to separate voice traffic from data traffic.
      • Understand how VLAN tagging ensures that voice traffic is prioritized.

    • Benefits of Voice VLANs:

      • Improved Quality of Service (QoS).
      • Easier management and monitoring of voice traffic.

    • Lab:

      • Configure a Voice VLAN on a switch:

        set vlans voice vlan-id 20
set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 0 family ethernet-switching vlan members voice

      • Connect an IP phone to the configured interface and verify VLAN tagging using show vlans.

    • Reflection:

      • Document the advantages of Voice VLANs and scenarios where they are most effective.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 2: Power over Ethernet (PoE)

  1. Goal:

    • Learn how PoE enables network devices like IP phones to receive power through Ethernet cables.

  2. Tasks:

    • Study PoE:

      • Understand PoE standards:
        • IEEE 802.3af (PoE): Provides up to 15.4W.
        • IEEE 802.3at (PoE+): Provides up to 30W.
      • Learn how switches negotiate power with connected devices.

    • PoE Configuration:

      • Enable PoE on a switch interface:

        set poe interface ge-0/0/1

    • Lab:

      • Connect an IP phone and ensure it powers on through PoE.

      • Verify PoE status using:

        show poe interface ge-0/0/1

    • Reflection:

      • Summarize the advantages of PoE in reducing cabling complexity and improving deployment flexibility.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 3: LLDP-MED (Link Layer Discovery Protocol - Media Endpoint Discovery)

  1. Goal:

    • Understand how LLDP-MED facilitates auto-configuration of VoIP devices.

  2. Tasks:

    • Study LLDP-MED:

      • Learn how LLDP-MED extends LLDP for VoIP devices, enabling automatic VLAN assignment and QoS settings.
      • Study how LLDP-MED advertisements communicate network policies to IP phones.

    • Lab:

      • Enable LLDP-MED on a switch:

        set protocols lldp-med
set protocols lldp-med interface ge-0/0/1

      • Configure a Voice VLAN and verify that an IP phone automatically joins it.

      • Use show lldp interface to check LLDP-MED information exchanged with devices.

    • Reflection:

      • Note how LLDP-MED simplifies the deployment and management of VoIP devices.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 4: QoS for VoIP Traffic

  1. Goal:

    • Learn how to configure QoS to prioritize voice traffic over data traffic.

  2. Tasks:

    • Study QoS Concepts:

      • Understand how Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) and priority queues work for VoIP traffic.
      • Learn the common DSCP values for voice (EF - Expedited Forwarding).

    • Lab:

      • Configure QoS for voice traffic:

        set class-of-service classifiers dscp voice-classifier forwarding-class voice
set class-of-service schedulers voice priority high

      • Test the impact of QoS by simulating network congestion and monitoring voice traffic performance.

    • Reflection:

      • Document the role of QoS in ensuring reliable VoIP communication and preventing packet loss.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 5: Comprehensive Lab - VoIP Network Setup

  1. Goal:

    • Build and test a complete VoIP network integrating Voice VLANs, PoE, LLDP-MED, and QoS.

  2. Tasks:

    • Design:
      • Create a network diagram with switches, IP phones, and a router.
      • Include Voice VLANs, PoE-enabled ports, and LLDP-MED configurations.
    • Implementation:
      • Configure all components according to the design.
      • Test voice traffic under normal and congested conditions.
    • Troubleshooting:
      • Introduce intentional errors (e.g., disable LLDP-MED or misconfigure QoS) and resolve them.
    • Analysis:
      • Verify the performance of voice traffic using show class-of-service and packet captures.
    • Reflection:
      • Summarize lessons learned and create a troubleshooting checklist for VoIP networks.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Lab: 5 Pomodoros.

Day 6: Spaced Repetition and Testing

  1. Goal:

    • Reinforce knowledge through targeted review and testing.

  2. Tasks:

    • Review:
      • Revisit notes on Voice VLANs, PoE, LLDP-MED, and QoS.
      • Use flashcards to test memory of configurations and concepts.
    • Mock Test:
      • Complete a VoIP-focused practice exam.
      • Analyze mistakes and review weak areas.
    • Mini-Lab:
      • Recreate parts of the Day 5 lab to reinforce challenging concepts.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Review: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Test: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 7: Rest and Reflection

  1. Goal:

    • Consolidate knowledge and prepare for the next week.

  2. Tasks:

    • Reflect on progress and note key takeaways from the week.
    • Watch a video or read an article about real-world VoIP deployments and challenges.
    • Prepare for Week 7 (Class of Service - CoS) by reviewing study materials and setting up labs.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Week 7: Class of Service (CoS)

Day 1: CoS Fundamentals

  1. Goal:

    • Understand the purpose of Class of Service (CoS) and its role in prioritizing network traffic.

  2. Tasks:

    • Learn CoS Basics:

      • Study the difference between CoS and QoS.
      • Understand the main components of CoS:
        • Classification: Identifying traffic types.
        • Scheduling: Prioritizing traffic in queues.
        • Shaping: Controlling traffic rates.

    • Classification Methods:

      • Learn about DSCP (Differentiated Services Code Point) and 802.1p marking for identifying traffic.

    • Lab:

      • Configure a classifier to prioritize voice traffic:

        set class-of-service classifiers dscp voice-classifier forwarding-class voice

      • Test traffic classification using ping or file transfer and verify with:

        show class-of-service interface

    • Reflection:

      • Summarize how CoS helps manage network congestion and prioritize critical applications.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 2: Scheduling and Queues

  1. Goal:

    • Learn how scheduling and queues determine the handling of prioritized traffic.

  2. Tasks:

    • Study Scheduling Mechanisms:

      • Learn about queue types and priorities:
        • Strict Priority: High-priority queues are served first.
        • Weighted Round Robin (WRR): Allocates bandwidth based on weights.

    • Queue Design:

      • Understand how to map traffic classes to queues.

    • Lab:

      • Configure a scheduler for voice traffic with strict priority:

        set class-of-service schedulers voice priority high transmit-rate 50%

      • Map the scheduler to an interface:

        set interfaces ge-0/0/1 class-of-service scheduler-map voice-map

      • Simulate congestion and observe how voice traffic is prioritized.

    • Reflection:

      • Document how scheduling strategies impact traffic flow during peak usage.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 3: Traffic Policing and Shaping

  1. Goal:

    • Learn how to control bandwidth usage and enforce traffic limits using policing and shaping.

  2. Tasks:

    • Policing vs. Shaping:

      • Study the difference between policing (drops excess traffic) and shaping (buffers excess traffic for later transmission).

    • Traffic Limits:

      • Learn how to apply traffic rate limits to prevent congestion.

    • Lab:

      • Configure a policer for non-critical traffic:

        set class-of-service policers data-policer if-exceeding bandwidth-limit 10m burst-size-limit 1m
set class-of-service policers data-policer then discard

      • Apply traffic shaping for critical traffic:

        set class-of-service traffic-shaping-profile voice shaping-rate 50m

      • Test the impact of these configurations using file transfer or bandwidth-intensive applications.

    • Reflection:

      • Summarize the benefits and trade-offs of traffic shaping versus policing.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 4: Advanced CoS Features

  1. Goal:

    • Explore advanced CoS capabilities, including hierarchical scheduling and dynamic adjustments.

  2. Tasks:

    • Study Hierarchical CoS:

      • Learn how CoS policies can be applied at multiple levels (e.g., per-user, per-VLAN, per-interface).

    • Dynamic Adjustments:

      • Study how dynamic CoS mechanisms adapt to changing network conditions.

    • Lab:

      • Implement hierarchical scheduling:

        set class-of-service schedulers parent-scheduler child-queue-voice transmit-rate 40%

      • Apply different CoS policies to multiple VLANs on the same interface.

    • Reflection:

      • Document scenarios where hierarchical CoS is most useful.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 5: Comprehensive CoS Lab

  1. Goal:

    • Build a network with end-to-end CoS configurations for various traffic types.

  2. Tasks:

    • Design:

      • Create a network diagram with three classes of traffic:
        • Voice: Highest priority.
        • Video: Medium priority.
        • Data: Lowest priority.

    • Implement:

      • Configure classifiers, schedulers, policing, and shaping for each traffic type.
      • Test the impact of congestion and ensure voice traffic is prioritized.

    • Troubleshoot:

      • Introduce intentional misconfigurations (e.g., missing scheduler mappings) and resolve them.

    • Analyze:

      • Verify traffic prioritization using:

        show class-of-service statistics

      • Document lessons learned and create a checklist for CoS deployments.

    • Reflection:

      • Summarize how CoS improves performance in a multi-service network.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Lab: 5 Pomodoros.

Day 6: Spaced Repetition and Testing

  1. Goal:

    • Reinforce CoS concepts through review and testing.

  2. Tasks:

    • Review:
      • Revisit notes on classification, scheduling, and shaping.
      • Use flashcards to test memory of CoS commands and concepts.
    • Mock Test:
      • Complete a CoS-focused practice exam.
      • Analyze incorrect answers and review weak areas.
    • Mini-Lab:
      • Recreate a simplified version of the Day 5 lab to reinforce challenging concepts.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Review: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Test: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 7: Rest and Reflection

  1. Goal:

    • Consolidate knowledge and prepare for the next week.

  2. Tasks:

    • Reflect on progress and note key takeaways from the week.
    • Watch a video or read an article about CoS implementations in service provider networks.
    • Prepare for Week 8 (EVPN) by reviewing study materials and setting up labs.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Week 8: Ethernet Virtual Private Network (EVPN)

Day 1: EVPN Basics

  1. Goal:

    • Understand the fundamentals of EVPN, its purpose, and its components.

  2. Tasks:

    • Study EVPN Concepts:

      • Learn how EVPN extends Layer 2 networks over Layer 3 infrastructure.
      • Understand key benefits:
        • MAC address learning via control plane (BGP).
        • Multitenancy for isolating traffic.
        • Efficient Multicast and ARP suppression.

    • EVPN Route Types:

      • Study the main route types:
        • Type 1: Ethernet Auto-Discovery (EAD).
        • Type 2: MAC/IP Advertisement.
        • Type 3: Inclusive Multicast Ethernet Tag.

    • Lab:

      • Enable EVPN on a switch:

        set routing-instances evpn-instance instance-type evpn
set routing-instances evpn-instance protocols evpn

      • Examine basic EVPN configuration using:

        show evpn route

    • Reflection:

      • Document the advantages of EVPN and scenarios where it outperforms traditional VLANs.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 2: VXLAN Overview

  1. Goal:

    • Understand how VXLAN integrates with EVPN to encapsulate Layer 2 traffic over Layer 3.

  2. Tasks:

    • Learn VXLAN Basics:

      • Study the purpose of VXLAN:
        • Encapsulating Ethernet frames in UDP for Layer 3 transport.
        • Using a 24-bit VXLAN Network Identifier (VNI) for scalability.
      • Understand the role of VXLAN Tunnel Endpoints (VTEPs) in encapsulating and decapsulating traffic.

    • Lab:

      • Configure VXLAN on a switch:

        set routing-instances evpn-instance vxlan vni 1001
set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 0 family vxlan

      • Verify VXLAN encapsulation and traffic flow using show evpn.

    • Reflection:

      • Note how VXLAN enhances scalability and integrates with EVPN for dynamic Layer 2 extensions.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 3: Multitenancy and Route Targeting

  1. Goal:

    • Learn how EVPN supports multitenancy and isolates traffic using route targets.

  2. Tasks:

    • Study Route Targets:

      • Learn how BGP route targets control which EVPN instances (VRFs) exchange routes.
      • Study the role of import/export policies in maintaining traffic isolation.

    • Multitenancy:

      • Understand how multiple tenants can share the same EVPN infrastructure while remaining isolated.

    • Lab:

      • Configure route targets for an EVPN instance:

        set routing-instances evpn-instance vrf-target target:100:1

      • Test multitenancy by creating two separate EVPN instances with different route targets.

    • Reflection:

      • Summarize how route targets provide flexibility in EVPN deployments.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 4: EVPN Multicast and RPF Checks

  1. Goal:

    • Understand how EVPN handles Multicast traffic and Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) checks.

  2. Tasks:

    • Study Multicast Handling:

      • Learn how Type 3 routes (Inclusive Multicast Ethernet Tags) optimize Multicast traffic replication.
      • Study how EVPN suppresses unnecessary ARP/ND broadcasts.

    • RPF Checks:

      • Understand how RPF ensures traffic flows from valid sources.

    • Lab:

      • Configure EVPN Multicast:

        set protocols pim
set routing-instances evpn-instance protocols evpn multicast

      • Test Multicast traffic delivery and verify Type 3 routes using:

        show evpn route type-3

      • Simulate and resolve RPF issues.

    • Reflection:

      • Document best practices for Multicast optimization in EVPN environments.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 5: Comprehensive EVPN Lab

  1. Goal:

    • Build and test a complete EVPN-VXLAN network.

  2. Tasks:

    • Design:

      • Create a network diagram with two data centers connected via EVPN.
      • Include:
        • Multiple VNIs for separate VLANs.
        • Route targets for traffic isolation.

    • Implementation:

      • Configure all components, including EVPN instances, VXLAN, and Multicast.
      • Test connectivity between VNIs and isolate traffic between tenants.

    • Troubleshooting:

      • Introduce intentional errors (e.g., mismatched VNIs or incorrect route targets) and resolve them.

    • Analysis:

      • Verify the performance and behavior of the EVPN network using:

        show evpn mac

        show evpn database

      • Document lessons learned and create a troubleshooting checklist for EVPN.

    • Reflection:

      • Summarize how EVPN integrates control plane and data plane functionalities for efficient Layer 2/3 extensions.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Lab: 5 Pomodoros.

Day 6: Spaced Repetition and Testing

  1. Goal:

    • Reinforce EVPN concepts through targeted review and testing.

  2. Tasks:

    • Review:
      • Revisit notes on EVPN route types, VXLAN, and Multitenancy.
      • Use flashcards to test memory of configurations and concepts.
    • Mock Test:
      • Complete an EVPN-focused practice exam.
      • Analyze incorrect answers and review weak areas.
    • Mini-Lab:
      • Recreate parts of the Day 5 lab to reinforce challenging concepts.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Review: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Test: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 7: Rest and Reflection

  1. Goal:

    • Consolidate knowledge and prepare for comprehensive review weeks.

  2. Tasks:

    • Reflect on progress and note key takeaways from EVPN.
    • Watch a video or read an article about real-world EVPN applications in data centers and service provider networks.
    • Plan for Weeks 9–12 (Comprehensive Review and Mock Exams).

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Week 9: Intensive Topic Review

Day 1: Interior Gateway Protocols (OSPF and IS-IS)

  1. Goal:

    • Reinforce understanding of OSPF and IS-IS, including their advanced features.

  2. Tasks:

    • OSPF Review:
      • Revisit OSPF LSAs, area types, and route summarization.
      • Practice adjacency formation and troubleshoot common issues.
    • IS-IS Review:
      • Review Level 1/Level 2 architecture and NSAP addressing.
      • Test IS-IS metrics and their impact on routing.
    • Lab:
      • Build a network integrating OSPF and IS-IS, configure route redistribution, and resolve conflicts.
    • Mock Test:
      • Solve OSPF and IS-IS exam-style questions.
    • Reflection:
      • Note weak areas for further review.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Mock Test: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 2: Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)

  1. Goal:

    • Review BGP attributes, path selection, and advanced configurations.

  2. Tasks:

    • BGP Path Selection:
      • Review how Local Preference, AS_PATH, and MED influence routing.
    • Advanced Features:
      • Study Route Reflectors and Confederations.
    • Lab:
      • Build a BGP network with both eBGP and iBGP sessions, implement Route Reflectors, and troubleshoot.
    • Mock Test:
      • Complete a BGP-focused quiz and analyze mistakes.
    • Reflection:
      • Document strategies for solving BGP configuration and troubleshooting problems.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Mock Test: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 3: IP Multicast

  1. Goal:

    • Reinforce knowledge of IGMP, PIM-SM, and Multicast routing.

  2. Tasks:

    • Review Multicast Concepts:
      • Study RPF checks, Type 3 EVPN routes, and Multicast optimization.
    • Lab:
      • Build a PIM-SM network with an RP and verify Multicast traffic flow.
      • Test IGMP group membership and troubleshoot common issues.
    • Mock Test:
      • Solve Multicast-focused exam questions and review answers.
    • Reflection:
      • Note key Multicast troubleshooting techniques.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Mock Test: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 4: Ethernet Switching and Spanning Tree Protocol

  1. Goal:

    • Review VLANs, trunking, and STP optimizations.

  2. Tasks:

    • Review VLAN and STP Concepts:
      • Study VLAN tagging, private VLANs, and MSTP configurations.
      • Review BPDU Guard, Root Guard, and PortFast features.
    • Lab:
      • Build a network with multiple VLANs and STP instances.
      • Test how STP prevents loops and resolve intentional misconfigurations.
    • Mock Test:
      • Answer Ethernet Switching and STP-related questions.
    • Reflection:
      • Document key STP and VLAN scenarios for quick reference.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Mock Test: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 5: Layer 2 Authentication and Access Control

  1. Goal:

    • Master 802.1X, MAC Authentication, and Guest VLAN configurations.

  2. Tasks:

    • Review Access Control Concepts:
      • Study the interaction between 802.1X, RADIUS, and MAC Authentication.
    • Lab:
      • Configure a Guest VLAN with 802.1X and MAC Authentication enabled.
      • Test authentication with multiple client types and troubleshoot failures.
    • Mock Test:
      • Solve Layer 2 Access Control exam questions.
    • Reflection:
      • Note key troubleshooting steps for Layer 2 authentication issues.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Mock Test: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 6: IP Telephony Features

  1. Goal:

    • Review Voice VLANs, PoE, LLDP-MED, and QoS for VoIP traffic.

  2. Tasks:

    • Review VoIP Concepts:
      • Study the purpose of Voice VLANs and LLDP-MED.
    • Lab:
      • Configure a VoIP network with Voice VLANs, PoE, and QoS.
      • Test voice traffic under simulated congestion.
    • Mock Test:
      • Solve VoIP-focused questions.
    • Reflection:
      • Summarize best practices for deploying VoIP networks.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Study: 2 Pomodoros.
    • Lab: 3 Pomodoros.
    • Mock Test: 1 Pomodoro.

Day 7: Rest and Reflection

  1. Goal:

    • Consolidate knowledge and prepare for the following weeks.

  2. Tasks:

    • Reflect on progress and note areas for improvement.
    • Prepare a study strategy for the upcoming weeks focused on mock exams.

  3. Pomodoro Sessions:

    • Reflection: 1 Pomodoro.

Weeks 10–12: Mock Exams and Final Preparation

Mock Exams (3 Days per Week)

  1. Take a full-length JN0-649 practice exam under timed conditions.
  2. Analyze incorrect answers and revisit weak topics.
  3. Repeat key labs from earlier weeks to reinforce configurations and troubleshooting.

Final Review (2 Days per Week)

  1. Use flashcards and summaries to review key concepts (e.g., EVPN route types, BGP attributes, STP optimizations).
  2. Perform focused labs on challenging topics (e.g., Multicast with EVPN, Route Reflectors).

Day Before Exam

  1. Rest, relax, and review only lightweight materials like notes or flashcards.
  2. Ensure all tools (e.g., ID, exam voucher) are ready.